Can Birds Eat Lizards?

We all think of birds catching worms–but what about when it comes to bigger prey? If you’re wondering if birds can eat lizards, the answer is yes–for some birds. Birds are a diverse group with varying diets, and certain bird species are equipped to hunt and consume lizards. Let’s look at which birds you might expect to eat lizards–and how they’re so well-equipped to catch these speedy reptiles!

Lizards, for their part, play a role as both predators and prey within their ecosystems. While they may hunt various insects and smaller animals for food, they must also stay vigilant to avoid becoming a meal themselves! In the face of avian predators, lizards have evolved various tactics for survival, including camouflage and swift reflexes.

When considering whether birds eat lizards, you should recognize that this interaction is part of a broader predator-prey relationship that helps regulate populations and maintain ecological balance. The presence of lizards in a bird’s diet can be influenced by the bird’s hunting abilities, availability of prey, and the specific environment in which they coexist.

Which Birds Eat Lizards?

kestrel eating a lizard, sitting in tree

Different bird species incorporate lizards into their diets, with varying degrees of preference and frequency. Below are bird groups known for preying on lizards:

Raptors

Raptors such as hawks, eagles, falcons, and owls have evolved to become apex predators in their respective habitats. They are well-equipped with razor-sharp talons and keen eyesight to detect prey, including reptiles like lizards. Examples include:

Hawks: Accipiter species often catch lizards for sustenance.
Eagles: Some eagles, like the Bald Eagle, will eat lizards, though not as their primary food source.
Falcons: The smaller Peregrine Falcon may catch lizards, particularly in urban or rocky environments.

Owls

Owls, as nocturnal raptors, have the unique capability of hunting in darkness using their extraordinary night vision. Owl pellets–the undigested food they cough up–sometimes includes portions of lizards.

Lizards that are active at night or those that have not found shelter can fall prey to these silent hunters. Owls’ flight and hunting techniques are specialized for minimal sound, making it difficult for lizards to detect and evade them.

Species like the Eastern Screech Owl have lizards as part of their diet.

Ground Birds

Certain terrestrial birds are adept at capturing lizards. Examples are:

Roadrunners: These fast-running birds actively hunt lizards in their desert habitats. I see roadrunners frequently on our walks (not at our feeders) and more than once I’ve seen a lizard tail (or maybe a small snake) swinging from the roadrunner’s beak!
Wild Turkeys: While not their main food, wild turkeys can eat lizards when available.

Little Egret in shallow water eating lizard

Wading Birds

Wading birds, such as herons and egrets, may catch lizards near water bodies. The Great Blue Heron, for instance, occasionally feeds on lizards.

Others

Various other birds may opportunistically eat lizards, too, including:

Crows: Intelligent and adaptable, crows can exploit lizards as a food resource.
Kingfishers: Although they primarily hunt fish, some kingfishers eat lizards when the opportunity arises.

Each bird species has a unique hunting technique and habitat preference, influencing their likelihood of eating lizards. Some actively hunt them, while others consume them opportunistically.

Which Birds Specialize in Lizards?

Certain bird species have specialized diets that can include a significant proportion of reptiles, such as lizards. The physical and behavioral characteristics of these birds are often aligned with their dietary needs for efficient foraging and predation.

Specialist Birds That Eat Lizards

Roadrunner: known for catching and consuming lizards with remarkable speed.
Loggerhead Shrike: impales lizards on thorns or barbed wire for storage and easier consumption.

These birds offer a clear illustration of how diets have evolved based on the environmental niche and food availability.

Do birds eat lizard eggs?

Many bird species find lizard eggs to be a nutritious food source. Your local ecosystem determines which birds might consume these eggs. Typically, omnivorous birds such as crows and certain species of jays include such eggs in their diet.

Birds Known to Eat Lizard Eggs:

Crows
Jays
Magpies
Raptors (occasionally)

Eggs are sought after for their high protein content, essential for birds during breeding and growth seasons. However, birds must be adept at finding nests, which often requires keen eyesight and foraging skills. Some species may specifically target eggs during times of food scarcity.

Foraging Behavior: Birds that eat lizard eggs typically forage on the ground or in low vegetation where lizard nests are located. Your observation of these behaviors may indicate the presence of lizard nests in the vicinity.

Nutritional Value: Lizard eggs offer birds a rich source of fats and proteins. During the breeding season, you may notice an increase in the predation of lizard eggs as birds require more energy to raise their young.

When considering bird interactions within your local food web, understand that reptilian eggs, including those of lizards, play a crucial role in the diets of various bird species. This dynamic contributes to the intricate balance of predator-prey relationships in natural habitats.